Forced Convection
Flat plate (laminar, turbulent, combined), circular cylinder and sphere in cross flow, and turbulent tube flow with Dittus–Boelter. Re → Nu → h → Q, with regime warnings when the correlation is out of range.
Flow
Properties
Temperatures
Tube (mode=tube)
Frequently asked
- Which flat-plate correlation should I pick?
- Laminar (Re < 5e5): Nu = 0.664·Re^0.5·Pr^⅓. Turbulent from the leading edge: Nu = 0.037·Re^0.8·Pr^⅓. Combined laminar + turbulent (5e5 < Re < 1e7): Nu = (0.037·Re^0.8 − 871)·Pr^⅓. The calculator warns when your Re is outside the regime you chose.
- What about pipes?
- Tube mode runs Dittus–Boelter Nu = 0.023·Re^0.8·Prⁿ (n = 0.4 heating, 0.3 cooling) for fully developed turbulent flow, with the constant-surface-temperature exit-temperature relation m·cₚ·(Te − Ti) = h·As·(Ts − Te).
- Cylinder and sphere in cross flow?
- Churchill–Bernstein for cylinders (all Re, Pr·Re > 0.2) and Whitaker for spheres. Properties are evaluated at the film temperature — that part is on you, as in every textbook solution.